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volume 61, issue 6, may 2024
1. title: reimagining urban living labs: enter the urban drama lab
authors: cecilie sachs olsen, merlijn van hulst
abstract: in this paper we introduce the urban drama lab as a new manifestation of urban living labs. we expand current debates concerning urban living labs by contrasting and comparing them with knowledge and practices developed in the field of theatre and performance. this enables us to scrutinise the ways in which stakeholders, issues and interests are represented and, in extension, performed in urban living labs. we argue that this is important for two reasons: (1) because the current focus of urban living labs on offering a real-world testing ground for urban experimentation constitutes a specific way of representing and performing stakeholders, issues, and interests, but that (2) questions of representation are seldom explicitly addressed because urban living labs are seen to offer direct access to the real-world in a presumably �neutral� setting. the urban drama lab foregrounds that urban living labs can never be neutral and free from structures of power but that they can set up a frame in which these structures can be scrutinised, assessed and possibly remodelled and rearranged. we conclude that the urban drama lab might enable a fuller understanding of how the urban living lab may address not only complex urban challenges, but also how it might also engage better with the power relations, contestations, conflicts and politics that are often at the core of these challenges.
2. title: character contradiction: the exclusionary nature of preservationist planning restrictions
authors: rachel gallagher, thomas jason sigler, yan liu
abstract: preservationist planning broadly describes planning instruments that purport to preserve physical qualities of neighbourhoods by preventing demolition of historic dwellings. here, we analyse land use conversion of almost 6000 lots in brisbane, australia, to understand if, and how, preservationist planning impacts the built environment. results demonstrate that preservationist planning suppresses multi-family housing construction, even where increased density is encouraged by the planning scheme. we suggest that preservationist planning is exclusionary in nature and not solely focused on built heritage, particularly as substantial modifications to existing dwellings are allowed. these findings run counter to the purported aim of built heritage protection and suggest that the preservationist planning framework should be revised.
3. title: in/formal reappropriations: spatialised needs and desires in residential alleys in melbourne, australia
authors: miza moreau
abstract: this paper engages in critical debate with urban informality in interstitial urban spaces through the lens of micro-scalar spatial practices motivated by everyday needs and desires. the aim is to examine the generative potential of small-scale reappropriations to change the functions, meanings and governing policies of undervalued urban spaces. an empirical focus is taken on residential alleys in inner-city neighbourhoods of melbourne, australia. remnants of 19th-century sanitation and drainage infrastructure, these alleys are now underdetermined spaces of manifold functions and meanings. drawing from extensive fieldwork documentation and interviews, this study maps and interrogates the interplay of formal and informal spatial practices. formal practices, driven by assertion of authority rather than vision for public space, operate like bourdieu�s habitus. informal practices, driven by everyday needs and desires, have a teleoaffective dimension that can modify the social field in which these dispositions are formed and thereby alter habitus.
4. title: burden or benefit: is retail marijuana facility siting influenced by lulu- or gentrification-related neighbourhood characteristics?
authors: dwayne marshall baker
abstract: as legal marijuana is emerging as an important component of cities across the united states, it is important to understand the factors that contribute to legal marijuana facility siting. although land use and zoning are expected to determine where commercial marijuana facilities are located, if residential characteristics also enter siting considerations, some neighbourhoods may either bear the burden of undesired facilities or reap the benefits of legal marijuana, underscoring equitable considerations in marijuana facility siting. thus, this study examines how neighbourhood change associated with locally unwanted land uses and gentrification influences the amount of retail marijuana facilities across three us cities: denver, colorado; portland, oregon; and seattle, washington. using a series of poisson-related regressions, this study finds that neighbourhood residential characteristics influence retail marijuana facilities in ways exceeding siting restrictions alone, like zoning. notably, quantitative results suggest that there are fewer retail marijuana facilities in neighbourhoods experiencing locally unwanted land use-related change than non-locally unwanted land use neighbourhoods in denver and seattle; and more retail marijuana facilities in gentrified compared to non-gentrified neighbourhoods in denver. overall, these findings advance understanding of the connection between legal marijuana and neighbourhood changes and aim to influence guidelines for integrating legal marijuana facilities into communities.
5. title: deciphering the �cosmopolitan grid�: the production of space in diversifying heartland neighbourhoods of singapore
authors: felicity hwee-hwa chan, hui lee low
abstract: global capital and highly-skilled international labour are sought by cities for economic growth. much research has been about western cities, but less is known about how pro-growth developmental asian countries, which have become key global hubs, organise their urban planning and policy efforts to gain global capital and skilled labour in their cities. in singapore, the state is active in reshaping the city into a �cosmopolitan grid� by planning and developing new urban amenity spaces that can attract human capital to fuel the desired urban growth, such as international schools, private housing options, and access to a global selection of goods and services. oftentimes, the socio-cultural and socio-spatial changes at the neighbourhood level are seemingly ignored, despite the significance of the neighbourhood as a critical social space for the daily practice and formation of social relations in demographically diverse cities. drawing on cognitive mapping interviews with foreign-born and native-born residents in two upper-middle income suburban neighbourhoods in singapore, which are recognised as the heartlands of the native-born but have become popular with highly-skilled foreign-born families (namely western expatriates) in the last decade, this article shows how the top-down rational production of cosmopolitan space by the state framed in a formation of the �cosmopolitan grid� has played out and shaped the everyday production of social space among the native and foreign-born residents which determines the experience and opportunities for integration in this city-state.
6. title: creating the spectacular city in everyday life: a governance analysis of urban public space in china
authors: ryanne flock
abstract: chinese cities are making a name for themselves through what guthman calls an �accumulation by spectacle�. studies elucidate the fast change of the urban fabric and the interconnection of commercial profits with pro-state propaganda during mega-events. the spectacle appears as a once-in-lifetime chance for a city, orchestrated during a specific time and in purpose-built venues. this article, however, argues that efforts of spectacularisation expand to everyday life. i take the marginalisation of the urban poor in guangzhou, that is, street vendors and beggars, as a starting point to understand governmental ideals, strategies and patterns of controlling public space. the data is based on fieldwork, government documents, yearbooks and newspapers. engaging in the discussion on what debord termed the �society of the spectacle�, i explain how urban management concentrates on areas serving (1) tourism and commerce, (2) memorial politics, (3) government relations and (4) transport and traffic; and follows the pulse of (1) annual events and seasonal holidays, (2) recurring political dates, (3) exceptional mega-events and (4) regular urban development campaigns. these zones and periods of increased control intertwine and culminate in an �ideal� public space excluding poverty and other elements contesting the city�s success images.
7. title: redesigning the relationship between heritage and city: insights from the gandhi heritage portal, ahmedabad
authors: pooja thomas
abstract: urban heritage is often tasked with the burden of mediating city history as well as its imagined futures. in asian contexts, these imagined futures have often been encoded as �smart� urbanity while historicity is wielded as soft power. past studies have discussed this in the context of ahmedabad, a significant urban centre in the region of gujarat, india, whose urban heritage has served to promote the city�s image. this article suggests that it is the digital archive, the gandhi heritage portal, that potentially offers ways of disrupting the mediation of the city through heritage. with ethnographic interviews, observations, and secondary literature on the histories of the city, this article attempts a close discursive reading of the spatial, material, and ideological implications of an ashram �doing� technology through the gandhi heritage portal. the article suggests that the making of the digital archive offered opportunities to dislocate heritage from neoliberal aspirations of the city.
8. title: greening informality through metabolic coordination: an urban political ecology of governing extralegal housing forms in taiwan
authors: chihsin chiu
abstract: despite its significance in informing inclusive political interventions in informal settlements in different political economic contexts, the urban informality literature falls short in exploring state intervention in or policy responses towards desire-based informal housing forms characterised by extralegal construction. this article uses kaohsiung city in taiwan as a case study to explore how the local government has collaborated with the private sector to govern the extralegal construction prevailing in community buildings. these interventions include the use of rooftop solar power systems aimed at remodelling existing buildings and green building design prototypes created to prevent future informalities. using an urban political ecology lens, i analyse how the municipality appropriates the values and properties of solar power systems and green architecture to unite actors, relating extralegal construction to urban metabolism. i develop the concept of �metabolic coordination� to show how the state coordinates actors, resources, technologies and capital to embed an internal circuit of funding flows governing extralegal construction in a larger external circuit of capital circulation consisting of growing solar photovoltaic and green housing markets. the adopted lens of urban political ecology interrogates three interrelated aspects of embedding informality in renewed urban space: municipal interventions remaking informalities, property-led greening of informalities and its negotiation, and inequality in accessing interventions. the city uses pragmatic and adaptive approaches to control extralegal construction. these approaches allow the city to leverage informality for growth and sustainability. however, the governing schemes create new forms of injustice and inequality.
9. title: the urban political ecology of the commons or commoning as a socio-natural process: the case of the peri-urban gardening group in thessaloniki
authors: maria karagianni
abstract: this paper casts the foundations for the development of an urban political ecology of the commons, drawing on the case of a guerrilla gardening initiative in thessaloniki, greece. in doing so, it draws on the literature of urban political ecology and its ontological and epistemological underpinnings and argues for a reconceptualisation of urban commoning as a socio-natural, productive process. understanding commoning as inherently socio-natural, the product of discursive and material practices, opens new horizons for both academic research and activist engagement in efforts to imagine and build alternative urban futures. the commoning practices of the peri-urban gardening group of karatassou, in thessaloniki, serve as a heuristic case study for the development of a holistic methodological framework that uncovers the equal significance of discursive and material commoning practices and processes.
10. title: the rise of ai urbanism in post-smart cities: a critical commentary on urban artificial intelligence
authors: federico cugurullo, federico caprotti, matthew cook, andrew karvonen, pauline m�guirk, simon marvin
abstract: artificial intelligence (ai) is emerging as an impactful feature of the life, planning and governance of 21st-century cities. once confined to the realm of science fiction and small-scale technological experiments, ai is now all around us, in the shape of urban artificial intelligences including autonomous cars, robots, city brains and urban software agents. the aim of this article is to critically examine the nature of urbanism in the emergent age of ai. more specifically, we shed light on how urban ai is impacting the development of cities, and argue that an urbanism influenced by ai, which we term ai urbanism, differs in theory and practice from smart urbanism. in the future, the rise of a post-smart urbanism driven by ai has the potential to form autonomous cities that transcend, theoretically and empirically, traditional smart cities. the article compares common practices and understandings of smart urbanism with emerging forms of urban living, urban governance and urban planning influenced by ai. it critically discusses the limitations and potential pitfalls of ai urbanism and offers conceptual tools and a vocabulary to understand the urbanity of ai and its impact on present and future cities.
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11. title: waiting town
authors: sangeeta banerji, vk phatak, llerena guiu searle, laura lieto, lisa bj�rkman
abstract: the article reviews the book waiting town: life in transit and mumbai's other world-class histories� by lisa bj�rkman.
12. title: the great urban transition: landscape and environmental changes from siberia, shanghai, to saigon
authors: muhammad khairul, nurul fajri saminan, yasmin yasmin
abstract: the article reviews the book �the great urban transition: landscape and environmental changes from siberia, shanghai, to saigon� by peilei fan.
13. title: lively cities: reconfiguring urban ecology
authors: ayushi chauhan
abstract: the article reviews the book �
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14. title: jakarta: the city of a thousand dimensions
authors: gregory bracken
abstract: the article reviews the book �jakarta: the city of a thousand dimensions� by abidin kusno.
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