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��ࡱ�>�� u �r�8ybjbj�n�n2~��a��a0m ��""��8�tm$�:ql��p�p�p�p�p�p�p$�r�\u<�p9��p��4�p��p��p��?3p��4��p q0:q��ul�u��1�u�1mp��p�p_6��:q��u��"qs: science and public policy volume 51, issue 3, june 2024 1. title: value dissonance in research(er) assessment: individual and perceived institutional priorities in review, promotion, and tenure authors: tony ross-hellauer and others abstract: there are currently broad moves to reform research assessment, especially to better incentivize open and responsible research and avoid problematic use of inappropriate quantitative indicators. this study adds to the evidence base for such decision-making by investigating researcher perceptions of current processes of research assessment in institutional review, promotion, and tenure processes. analysis of an international survey of 198 respondents reveals a disjunct between personal beliefs and perceived institutional priorities (�value dissonance�), with practices of open and responsible research, as well as �research citizenship� comparatively poorly valued by institutions at present. our findings hence support current moves to reform research assessment. but we also add crucial nuance to the debate by discussing the relative weighting of open and responsible practices and suggesting that fostering research citizenship activities like collegiality and mentorship may be an important way to rebalance criteria towards environments, which better foster quality, openness, and responsibility. 2. title: comparing regulatory options: the role of epistemic policies and pragmatic consequences authors: roberto l�pez-mas and jos� luis luj�n abstract: the controversies surrounding the regulation of technology depend, among other factors, on the diversity of the regulatory objectives prioritized by the distinct social actors. these differences may also lead to controversies in the realm of regulatory science: controversies between distinct epistemic policies. as controversies are partly the result of prioritizing different objectives, comparing alternative regulatory options is a seemingly impossible endeavour. in this paper, we offer a partial solution to this problem by proposing a means of comparing different regulatory options. this proposal makes it possible to analyse and assess the different options and facilitates the adoption of compromises between the various parties to the controversy, even if it is unable to eliminate the differences in the prioritization of objectives. the case study we have used to illustrate the main ideas of this paper is the controversy surrounding the regulation of health claims in the european union. 3. title: missions and cohesion policy: is there a match? authors: francesco cappellano and others abstract: this paper explores possibilities for cross-fertilization between the mission-oriented approach (moa), informing the european union (eu) missions, and cohesion policy (cp). it argues for mutual policy learning between cp and moa to address their shortcomings: cp faces a gradual erosion of its identity, while moa lacks a territorial perspective. moa can offer a theoretical �blueprint� for reorganizing and clarifying cp�s ever-expanding and blurred thematic scope, providing direction to strengthen cp�s result orientation, and encouraging the adoption of �whole-of-government� approaches to streamline cp�s complex governance relationships. moa can benefit from adopting the cp architecture, which allows for common broad priorities to be adapted to territorial contexts and to regional strategies. moa could also learn from cp�s goal of maximizing equity and efficiency, its focus on empowering regions, and its redistributive approach for fostering the full potential of all regions to address societal challenges to support the objectives of the eu missions. 4. title: seeing beyond silos in labour productivity research and policy authors: jen nelles and others abstract: how policymakers and academics organize and visualize core ideas affects how they define and perceive problems and generate policy solutions. while understanding complex ideas�such as productivity�as the product of a set of discrete inputs can help target inquiry and structure policy interventions, this can also lead to siloed thinking that neglects dynamic effects and interactions between elements. this paper explores how three organizations conceptualize the �productivity puzzle� and suggests that they might be oversimplifying the roots of productivity. we present a systematic review of labour productivity literature using bibliometric coupling and network analysis to develop an alternative framework and map of themes and gaps. this work encourages policy to (1) adopt a systems lens and perceive productivity as the product of dynamic interactions and (2) think critically about how to structure future research on productivity. 5. title: boundary work to what end? analysing the acid mine drainage case in gauteng, south africa authors: nikki funke and others abstract: this article contributes a boundary work analysis of the case of acid mine drainage (amd) in south africa to the existing boundary work literature. we conduct our analysis by applying a synthesized multi-level boundary work framework to examine whether the knowledge that was produced during the boundary work conducted was usable and influential in decision-making and resulted in successful policy implementation. we conclude that contrary to expectations, a closed, technocratic boundary work process resulted in the relatively successful implementation of a short-term intervention in the amd problem, whereas a subsequent open and deliberative process did not result in the successful implementation of the long-term policy solution. we ascribe this finding to the influence of critical enabling and constraining factors characterizing the south african socio-political context within which the amd issue is situated, and therefore, we recommend adding a meta-analytical layer to boundary work analyses, especially in developing country contexts. 6. title: the spatial mobility network and influencing factors of the higher education population in china authors: wentian shi and others abstract: the scale and frequency of talent mobility in the world have increased sharply, and the competition for talent has intensified in various regions. this paper mainly studies the spatial mobility characteristics and influencing factors of china�s highly educated talents. it found that china�s higher education population mobility network has prominent uneven characteristics, the central and eastern regions of china, especially the eastern coastal regions, are the hotspots of the network. the higher education population flows frequently in large cities and regional central areas. the hierarchical structure follows a �north-south division,� which is dominated by beijing and shanghai, respectively. geographical distance has a specific hindering effect in this context. furthermore, the similarity of culture, institutions, customs, and dialect facilitates the mobility of the higher education population. cities with high economic levels, centralized educational resources, sound infrastructure, and aesthetically appealing environments are also likely to attract more talents. 7. title: the early emergence of ombuds systems in japanese science universities authors: matthew brummer and sam bamkin abstract: ombuds systems in higher education institutes have become increasingly commonplace in north america and europe, yet there remains a dearth of studies that examine dispute resolution systems in asia. this article examines the case of japan, a veritable technology powerhouse that adopted its first organizational ombuds offices in 2019 and 2021 at two leading science universities: okinawa institute of technology and kyushu institute of technology. we assess why these were established, how the change came about, and with what remit the offices are entrusted. we find that policy transfer from abroad occurred in both cases, yet with considerably different degrees of obligation and volitional lesson-drawing, and to considerably different ends. additionally, policy entrepreneurs played key roles in agenda setting and institutionalization. nearly all interviewees in this study raised the issue of gender harassment as an enduring challenge for which new conflict resolution mechanisms are needed. the two newly introduced ombuds offices therefore represent one possible model for leveling inequalities in the science landscape. 8. title: university�industry linkages in china from the agency perspective of university engagement: a systematic literature review authors: yang liu and others abstract: china�s specific developmental context defines the need to understand its state logic of knowledge transfer, particularly from the agency perspective of universities. this paper proposes the new term �university engagement with industry� (uei) to highlight the active role of universities in university�industry linkages. a structural method is adopted to collect relevant literature and to provide a systematic and critical review of china�s uei. this paper makes four key contributions: (1) it illustrates a structural approach to collect literature via precise and transparent identification for a targeted topic from an interdisciplinary research field; (2) it systematically presents the china-specific external institutional environment and internal governance of universities for knowledge transfer and captures influential factors for university�s embeddedness in multiscalar innovation systems; (3) it identifies china-specific uei in comparison to western findings; and (4) it suggests a research agenda on china�s uei for future studies. 9. title: transfer of university patents and its impact on follow-on invention authors: seokbeom kwon abstract: this study examines the effects of granting firms exclusive rights to use university inventions on the creation of follow-on inventions. by analyzing a dataset of transferred patents from research universities to firms in the usa between 2000 and 2013, we find that allowing firms to exclusively utilize university inventions through patent transfers leads to an increase in follow-on inventions among patent nonrecipients. however, we find no evidence of an impact on the patent recipient�s follow-on inventions. our analysis also shows evidence of a positive impact of the transfer of patents on government-funded inventions on the rate of follow-on inventions by nonrecipients of the university patents. this research contributes to the ongoing debate regarding the necessity of granting firms the exclusive right to use university knowledge to foster innovation. 10. title: navigating the multiple views of value in assessing public procurement authors: maria merisalo and others abstract: public procurement has gained a heightened role in responding to grand societal challenges. additional goals besides the more traditional objectives for public procurement have produced conflicts and raised the question of how to assess public procurement comprehensively. in this article, we explore the impact model created for the national public procurement strategy of finland. we investigate the main positions from where to value and assess public procurement and the key conflicts between the different positions. the national strategy of finland emphasizes that public organizations should put more weight on secondary policy goals. however, this seems to produce �paradoxes,� as partly contradicting goals are pursued simultaneously. the article shows that it is possible to highlight both the strategic and operational roles of public procurement. however, the existence of the paradoxes is important to take into account in governing public procurement. 11. title: can open peer review improve uptake of preprints into policies? evidence from a causal inference authors: chuer xu and qianjin zong abstract: the advantage of no publication time lag had led to the use of preprints as research evidence for public policy development that required a rapid response. however, the opposite side of the lack of publication time lag for preprints was their usual lack of peer review, which was the main reason why preprints were criticized as low quality and unreliable. this study aimed to investigate the effects of open peer review on the uptake of preprints into policies (measured by preprints being cited in policy documents). the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) preprints from biorxiv and medrxiv were used as a sample (n = 20,959). a causal inference approach, namely, propensity score matching analysis, was used to examine the dataset. our study found that open peer review significantly increased the uptake of preprints by policies. limitations of this study were also discussed. this study could bring insights to researchers and preprint servers in improving the uptake of preprints into policies. 12. title: closing the loop without reinventing the wheel: public procurement for innovation promoting a circular economy authors: stephanie francis grimbert and jon mikel zabala-iturriagagoitia abstract: this theoretical paper adopts a procedural perspective to identify the challenges associated with the implementation of the full scope of approaches to circular public procurement (cpp). we contend that beyond considering cpp from a substantive standpoint (i.e. the procurement affects outside of the organization), adopting a procedural perspective (i.e. the procurement affects inside an organization) to public procurement can pave the way for reflecting transversally on how cpp can borrow from public procurement for innovation (ppi). building on the challenges identified in the literature on cpp, we identify that ppi can contribute to consolidating cpp through such mechanisms as market engagement and intermediation, functional specifications, and coordinated unbundling. we provide illustrations for each of the identified procedural contributions of ppi to cpp derived from five cases. we discuss how procurement capabilities and evaluation can act as critical drivers for moving from a substantive to a procedural approach to cpp. 13. title: enhancing international collaboration in science, technology, and innovation to achieve sustainable development goals authors: iciar dominguez lacasa and manuel molina vogelsang abstract: this paper develops a framework for policymakers supporting sustainable development through international collaboration in science, technology, and innovation (sti). the approach can be applied to derive the national policy strategy for international collaboration in sti. the contribution focuses on the case of germany in the field of food and agriculture. accordingly, considering germany�s current strategic approach for international collaboration in sti, an evidence-based tool for priority setting in the selection of potential partners and technology fields is developed and implemented. more specifically, the approach assesses the opportunity environment for international sti collaboration of germany with potential partners using patent and economic indicators to capture technological capabilities, technological demand, economic relevance of food, and agriculture in national economies as well as technological and export specialization in food and agriculture. the results present policy strategies enhancing sustainable development. 14. title: citizen attitudes toward science and technology, 1957�2020: measurement, stability, and the trump challenge authors: jon d miller and others abstract: in democratic societies around the world, the number of science policy decisions is increasing. one of the fundamental principles of democracy is that citizens should be able to understand the issues before them. using a 63-year cross-sectional us data set, we use confirmatory factor analysis to construct and test a two-dimensional measure of attitude to science and technology that has been relatively stable over the last six decades. previous and current research tells us that only one in three us adults is scientifically literate, meaning that trust in scientific expertise is important to many citizens. we find that trust in scientific expertise polarized during the trump administration. using the same data set, we construct two structural equation models to determine the factors that predict positive attitudes toward science and technology. comparing 2016 and 2020, we find that the trump attacks on science did not reduce public support for science. 15. title: peer-review procedures as practice, decision, and governance�the road to theories of peer review authors: martin reinhart and cornelia schendzielorz abstract: peer review is an ubiquitous feature of science with three interrelated roles: first, as a mechanism to assess quality through expert judgement (process); second, to decide on the distribution of scarce resources, e.g. publication space (outcome); and, third, to self-govern science (context). this is poorly reflected in public and academic debates, where attention is focused on alleged deficits. moving beyond a �deficit model�, we, first, divide the peer-review process into eight different practices, which, in combination, can make up a wide variety of peer-review procedures. second, we claim that peer review not only provides evaluative decisions, but, more importantly, also provides the legitimacy for these decisions. thus, an encompassing theoretical view of peer review should integrate process, outcome, and context. such a view could start by theorizing peer review as a form of government, not unlike democracy, grown historically around concerns for legibility, responsibility, and responsiveness akin to the mertonian norms. 16. title: taking pluralism seriously: a new perspective on evidence-based policy authors: karim bschir and simon lohse abstract: scientific policy advice in the face of complex real-world problems requires a maximally pluralistic knowledge base. however, integrating different types of knowledge from a variety of sources raises a series of highly challenging epistemic as well as practical problems. we propose an integrated model of pluralistic policy advice emphasizing the appropriate constitution and structure of pluralistic expert panels. furthermore, we suggest that normative assumptions underlying expert advice should be made explicit to policymakers. the goal should not be to avoid normative biases, but rather to create transparency with respect to the unavoidable value judgements that influence the epistemic preferences of experts and to provide policymakers with evidence-based scenarios that range over a variety of value preferences. 17. title: perspectives on advancing innovation and human flourishing through a network of ai institutes authors: christos a makridis and others abstract: this paper explores the role of artificial intelligence (ai) and the potential to launch a network of ai institutes within federal agencies for innovation and risk management. after providing background about changes in us economic activity and recent ai policy, we study the barriers to science and technology policy and focus on the challenge of coordination in an increasingly complex and interdependent world and how better coordination is required to manage against ai risks. we introduce the concept of a networked approach to intra-agency ai collaboration, drawing on our experience in the national artificial inte!# ,.25789;d��ʸʦʸ��tl_qc6qhj�5�ojqj^jo(hqwhqw5�ojqj^jh�"�hu<�5�ojqj^jh�ud5�ojqj^jo(h�"�h�"�o(&h�"�h�"�5�cjojqj^jajo(h!@�5�cjojqj^jajh 2e5�cjojqj^jaj#hqwhqw5�cjojqj^jaj#h h 5�cjojqj^jaj#h�"�h�"�5�cjojqj^jaj h$-�5�cjojqj^jajo(#hqwhqw5�cjojqj^jaj89:��h i � � �� 3fg��23��gd�psgd)w�gd$?�gdto�gd�l$gd%j,gdu<�gd�"�$a$gdt4��g h i j l r s � � � � � � � � 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